CNN — Buccal fat removal might just be the new Brazilian butt lift – aka the newest cosmetic surgery procedure to take over social media. Over the past few weeks, buccal fat removal has become a hot-button topic on social media after several celebrities were rumored to have had the procedure, which sparked both supporters and detractors to share their views and experiences. Searches for buccal fat removal shot up dramatically starting around December 11, according to data from Google Trends. Here’s everything you need to know about the procedure – and why it’s so controversial. Buccal fat removal is just what it says on the label the removal of fat from the buccal fat pad, a mass of tissue located deep within the cheek. The procedure is typically conducted under anesthesia. A surgeon will create small incisions on either side of the inside of the patient’s mouth to expose the buccal fat pad, and then remove some or all of the fat. Darren Smith, a New York-based plastic surgeon, told CNN that “you can accentuate the cheekbones by removing the fat that is in the buccal fat Smith said he typically sees three kinds of patients who are interested in buccal fat removal. One is “folks who just have a fuller face, that almost have a cherubic, round face, that might want to slim it out a little Buccal fat removal can result in a slimmer-looking face, according to Smith. But the reason that buccal fat reduction is currently trending is for another purpose By removing fat from the cheeks, the procedure can create the appearance of more sculpted, defined cheekbones. A patient interested in this effect “might not have a full face, but they just wanna see a little more definition in the cheekbones,” he said. These patients are looking to emphasize the “submalar hollow” below the cheekbone, he added. When it’s “done artfully, not overdone, it can look cool in a lot of cases,” said Smith. The third category of patients that Smith said he sees for buccal fat removal are “older patients that we’re seeing for facial The “buccal fat pad is subject to gravity, and it can droop over time,” he said. “It can actually contribute to this jowly, heavy lower face appearance. So in those folks, you’d often remove it in combination with a procedure like a Smith says that he’s seen a definite spike in interest in buccal fat removal over the past few years. “It’s a procedure that is becoming more and more popular,” he said. Last year, model Chrissy Teigen announced on Instagram that she had undergone buccal fat removal. “And since I quit drinking, I’m really seeing the results, and I like it,” she said in an Instagram story at the time. “Yeah, I did it, what?” Other celebrities sporting sculpted cheekbones have been rumored to have the procedure – although it’s unclear if they actually have. And social media is a major driver of interest, according to Smith. “I think social media plays a tremendous role,” he said. “We’re seeing social media setting all kinds of trends, as people are having faster and more frequent access to latest celebrity looks and Additionally, social media has enabled patients to share their first-hand experiences getting cosmetic surgery. “People are now sharing their experiences more” which results in a “fading of the taboo of plastic surgery,” according to Smith. “People are so much more open to talking about it,” he said. Ellen Gendler, a cosmetic dermatologist based in New York, told CNN that she has observed an increase in patients asking about buccal fat removal in recent weeks. “Last week, I’ve had 20 people ask me about buccal fat removal,” she said. Surgeons, cosmeticians, and everyday users have also used social media to urge caution about the procedure. Gendler, for instance, posted a TikTok on Monday in which she warned patients, particularly young women, to avoid buccal fat removal. “The latest trend of buccal fat removal is probably the dumbest trend I’ve seen in a long time,” she said in the video. Gendler told CNN that because it removes volume from the face, buccal fat removal can have a prematurely aging effect on patients. While it might look flattering at first, as the patient ages and naturally loses volume in their face, the lack of buccal fat may make them appear gaunt and older. And once your buccal fat is gone, there’s no way to get it back – although cosmetic fillers and fat injections might be used to replicate the look of buccal fat, Gendler said. “When you take out an underlying structure in a permanent procedure and you age around it, you don’t know how it’s going to look,” she said. Gendler urged patients contemplating buccal fat removal to consider the risks and understand how their results might change over time. “I feel that it is not a procedure that you should go into without understanding this very real risk,” she said. Smith emphasized the importance of counseling patients about the pros and cons of each procedure. “One of my main jobs is to help people make sure they’re making responsible decisions when they’re getting procedures,” he said. A talented surgeon will be careful and precise when removing buccal fat, he said. “The big danger with buccal fat pad excision is prematurely aging the face,” he explained. “Something we know from a long time ago is that volume is what, among other things, brings the face a youthful “Really, buccal fat pad removal has to be done artistically, it’s not the kind of thing where you just want to remove all the buccal fat,” he said. “You have to be very careful about removing the right amount for the right Other social media influencers have pointed out that the high-cheekbone aesthetic that patients hope to achieve with buccal fat removal is just the latest in a series of unattainable beauty standards. Makeup influencer Rachel Ocool, for instance, created a tutorial for makeup that emphasizes round cheeks – rather than trying to eliminate them. “Plastic surgery to remove your fuller cheeks is trending,” said Ocool in the TikTok video, which has garnered over 1 million likes on her verified account. “Not on my watch!” She proceeded to demonstrate “how I accentuate my round cheeks, because they’re At the same time, some influencers have used social media to document the positive effect the procedure has had on their self-esteem. Jaci Marie Smith, a podcaster and TikTok creator, told CNN that she decided to create a TikTok about her experience receiving buccal fat removal “There’s a lot of of controversy and slander going around right now about buccal fat removal,” said Smith in her video. The California-based creator underwent buccal fat removal in January. Smith said she had long felt her fuller face didn’t match her body type. After hearing about the procedure through friends and on social media, she met with a plastic surgeon who told her she was a good candidate. “I’m really happy with the results because I feel like it fits with my body type more,” she told CNN. “I feel very much more She chose to speak about her experience on social media because of other users saying “that it makes you look old, makes you look sunken and hollow, and that it’s a bad “The purpose of me making it was to educate more about what buccal fat removal is, and that you, if you’re interested in getting it done, you should go to a doctor that you really trust,” she continued. “I feel like I got this done for me, and for no one else,” she added. Smith, the plastic surgeon and no relation to the TikTok creator, echoed her message about personal motivation. “My kind of rallying cry in the world of plastic surgery is that nobody needs plastic surgery,” the surgeon said. “if you’re gonna do it, you should do it for personal “Buccal fat incision is, like anything else, not something to do just because you saw it on Instagram,” he said.

USD - $ Find the best clinics for Buccal Fat Extraction in Indonesia MyMediTravel currently has no pricing information available for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures in Indonesia. However, by submitting your enquiry, you'll hear back from the facility with more details of the pricing. Thailand offers the best prices Worldwide Price $ 497 Abdi Waluyo Abdi Waluyo, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at Abdi Waluyo, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes Dr. Mintohardjo Dr. Mintohardjo, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at Dr. Mintohardjo, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes Evasari Evasari, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at Evasari, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes Husada Husada, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at Husada, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes RSU Bunda RSU Bunda, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at RSU Bunda, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes Ibu dan Anak Tambak Ibu dan Anak Tambak, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at Ibu dan Anak Tambak, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes Kramat 128 Kramat 128, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at Kramat 128, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes MH Thamrin Salemba MH Thamrin Salemba, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at MH Thamrin Salemba, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes PGI Cikini PGI Cikini, located in Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta, Indonesia offers patients Buccal Fat Extraction procedures among its total of 619 available procedures, across 13 different specialties. Currently, there's no pricing information for Buccal Fat Extraction procedures at PGI Cikini, as all prices are available on request only. There is currently a lack of information available on the specialists practicing at the Hospital, and they are not accredited by any recognized accreditations institutes Home Indonesia WHY US? At MyMediTravel, we're making medical easy. You can search, compare, discuss, and book your medical all in one place. We open the door to the best medical providers worldwide, saving you time and energy along the way, and it's all for FREE, no hidden fees, and no price markups guaranteed. So what are you waiting for? Free Best Price Widest Selection Risk-Free What you need to know about Buccal Fat Extraction in IndonesiaBuccal Fat Extraction is considered a plastic / cosmetic surgery procedure that requires coordination between a plastic surgeon, anesthetist and other surgical medical staff. This type of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery procedure / treatment can be considered reasonably expensive, especially given the skill set, experience, training and equipment used by the specialists involved. For Buccal Fat Extraction, photos are required for the specialist to review prior to treatment. As with all plastic surgeries, recovery varies from person to person and this is no different for Buccal Fat Extraction, where the immediate recovery post-op can take a few days before you're moving around again. You should anticipate an extended period of rest immediately following your surgery, during which time you should avoid any heavy lifting and strenuous exercising. After a week or so, you can expect to return to light activities, gradually breaking yourself in over the new few weeks and months. The plastic surgeon will provide you with a detailed post-operative aftercare plan, which should be closely followed. This may include exercises and stretches, a diet plan and advice on how to treat the wounds. You will be required to stay in Indonesia for around 10-14 days post-op. During this time you'll be required to visit the surgeon for a post-op checkup and have stitches removed. Once given the all clear, you'll be able to travel home, it's very rare for travel arrangements needing to be changed as the success rate for Buccal Fat Extraction is very high. This is mostly down to the more recent advances in medical technologies and surgical techniques, coupled with the extended experience of the plastic surgeons. However, the risk of complications is always there and these may include infection of the wound, bleeding, numbness and swelling around the wound and damaged scar tissue. To reduce the likelihood of such complications, all patients need to do is rest immediately after surgery and adhere to the surgeon's aftercare and recovery advice. Whilst the information presented here has been accurately sourced and verified by a medical professional for its accuracy, it is still advised to consult with your doctor before pursuing a medical treatment at one of the listed medical providers. This content was last updated on 10/02/2023. No Time? Tell us what you're looking for and we'll reach out to the top clinics all at once Procedure Please enter a valid procedure Location Enquire Now Recommended Medical Centers in Indonesia for Buccal Fat Extraction We Recommend Bali, Indonesia DNI Skin CentreOn request Interpreter services Translation service Religious facilities Medical records transfer Medical travel insurance Health insurance coordination TV in the room Safe in the room Phone in the room Private rooms for patients available View Medical Center We Recommend Bali, Indonesia Indivara Aesthetic ClinicOn request Interpreter services Translation service Religious facilities Medical records transfer Medical travel insurance Health insurance coordination TV in the room Safe in the room Phone in the room Private rooms for patients available View Medical Center We Recommend Bali, Indonesia BIMC Hospital Nusa DuaOn request Interpreter services Translation service Religious facilities Medical records transfer Medical travel insurance Health insurance coordination TV in the room Safe in the room Phone in the room Private rooms for patients available View Medical Center

Continuing Education ActivityBuccal fat pad removal is performed to close oroantral communications and for aesthetic recontouring of the face. This activity outlines and explains the role of the interprofessional team in evaluating and treating patients who undergo buccal fat pad removal. Objectives Review the anatomy and physiology of the buccal fat the indications for buccal fat pad the most common complications associated with buccal fat pad and explain the surgical technique used by the interprofessional team in buccal fat pad removal. Access free multiple choice questions on this buccal fat pad, also known as Bichat’s fat pad, is an important anatomical structure that contributes to facial aesthetics and facilitates movement of the facial muscles. Many studies have researched the utility of the buccal fat pad in the areas of oral defect repair and trauma, as the buccal fat pad may be utilized as a pedicled autogenous graft for oroantral fistula repair. However, the buccal fat pad plays an important role in facial aesthetics and may be modified to enhance facial contour.[1]When indicated, the buccal fat pad’s removal enhances the zygomatic prominences and overall contour of the face. This article aims to discuss the anatomy and physiology of the BFP and discuss the indications, techniques, and complications associated with the removal of the BFP to enhance facial aesthetics.[2]Anatomy and PhysiologyFor centuries, anatomists have studied the complex nature of the fat pads of the face. Many functions are attributed to the buccal fat pad. It is a prominent structure in neonates, thought to be utilized primarily to support the suckling function. As children age and begin chewing, the buccal fat pad facilitates the gliding function among the muscles of mastication. The buccal fat pad also serves as a cushion to protect neurovascular structures from external forces. These adipose structures also play an important role in facial aesthetics in people ranging from neonates to the elderly.[3]Anatomists have extensively researched the structure of the buccal fat pad for many years. Bichat first described it in 1802. It is thus referred to as the boule de Bichat in the non-English-speaking world.[4] Bichat’s fat pad is located between the anterior margin of the masseter and the buccinator, with the mean volumetric variation found to be to milliliters for males and to for females with a mean thickness of 6 millimeters. Imaging studies demonstrate that the buccal fat pad grows significantly from ages 10 to 20, increasing from 4000 to 8000 cubic millimeters, then declining in size over the next 30 years to an average volume of 7000 cubic millimeters.[5] It has a complex anatomical structure closely related to the facial nerve, parotid duct, and masticatory muscles.[6] A sound understanding of the boundaries and contents of the buccal fat pad will enable the operator to manipulate its structure in aesthetic and reconstructive procedures its initial anatomical description by Bichat, it has since been described by several anatomists, including Gaughran in 1957, Dubin in 1989, and most recently Zhang in 2001.[4] Its structure is commonly described as a centrally located body with four extensions or three separate lobes. Zhang, in 2001 performed a cadaveric study and confirmed that the buccal fat pad consists of three separate lobes the anterior, intermediate, and posterior lobes. The posterior lobe is further sub-divided into the temporal, pterygoid, pterygopalatine, and buccal extensions.[7]The buccal fat pad is confined by the buccinator muscle medially. Anterolaterally it is confined by the muscles of facial expression and the deep cervical fascia. Posteriorly it is confined to the masticator space. The anterior, intermediate, and posterior lobes of the buccal fat pad are encapsulated by independent membranes. The buccal fat pad is fixated by ligaments to the maxilla, posterior zygoma, temporalis tendon, buccinator membrane, and rim of the infraorbital fissure. The ligaments serve as conduits for the entry of multiple vessels that provide a rich blood supply to the different lobes of the buccal fat pad.[8]The anterior lobe of the BFP is a triangular mass that lies inferiorly to the zygoma and is confined to the buccal space. Its anterior vertex extends to the front border of the buccinator, where it meets the orbicularis oris. The superior vertex of the anterior lobe extends to the inferior margin of the orbicularis oculi, where it enters the infraorbital foramen and encapsulates the infraorbital vessels. The front of the anterior lobe is bordered by the facial artery. The buccal branches of the facial nerve either overlie or lie within the anterior lobe as well as the buccal extension of the posterior lobe. The duct of the parotid and the facial vein passes through the anterior lobe. The anterior lobe extends posteriorly and joins with the intermediate and posterior lobes via loose connective intermediate lobe lies lateral to the mid maxilla and joins the anterior and posterior lobes. In adults, it is a membranous structure composed of thin, fat tissue that runs superiorly to inferiorly, segregating the anterior lobe from the posterior lobe. It is not always identified in adults, but it is a more substantial fatty mass in children.[7]The posterior lobe of the buccal fat pad, synonymous with the body, is the most substantial. It is confined to the masticatory space. It consists of four extensions the buccal, pterygoid, pterygopalatine, and temporal extensions. The buccal extension and body account for roughly 50 percent of the buccal fat pad volume.[6]The posterior lobe or body spans superiorly to the inferior orbital fissure, surrounds the temporalis muscle, spans inferiorly to the superior mandibular body, and courses posteriorly to the anterior ramus and tendon of the buccal extension lies inferior to Stenson’s Duct, and it is the most superficial process and is the portion removed during buccal fat pad pterygopalatine extension lies within the pterygopalatine fossa and surrounds the pterygopalatine vessels. It also runs superiorly to the infraorbital fissure, encapsulates the infraorbital vessels, and fuses to the anterior lobe capsule.[9]The pterygoid extension is located within the pterygomandibular space and houses the mandibular neurovascular bundle to include the lingual nerve. It rests on the lateral aspect of the medial and lateral pterygoid temporal extension of the buccal fat pad spans deep to the temporalis. It is important to understand that both a superficial and deep body of fat is present concerning the temporalis. It is the deep portion that runs in continuity to the buccal fat pad. The superficial temporal fat pad is a separate entity from the buccal fat pad with a distinct vascular supply.[6]IndicationsThere are several clinical indications for accessing the buccal fat pad. It may be utilized for closing oroantral communications. Oroantral communication is communication between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity. It may occur during the extraction of maxillary premolars and molars; it may also occur secondary to dental infections, radiation therapy, osteomyelitis, or trauma.[10]An OAC of 2 millimeters or less will usually close spontaneously; however, if the defect is greater than 3 to 4 mm, the surgical closure of the defect is indicated. Accessing and advancing the buccal fat pad is a means of closing an oroantral communication. Though perhaps the most recent interest in the buccal fat pad is utilization to reshape the facial contours providing a more aesthetic facial architecture.[11]The ideal aesthetic surgical candidate for buccal fat pad removal has prominent zygomatic or cheekbones that are masked due to pronounced cheeks. These patients lack an angular appearance to the face; buccal fat pad removal will reduce cheek fullness and highlight their pronounced zygomatic bone. Malar hypoplasia is not an indication for buccal fat pad removal. Buccal fat pad removal in these patients will result in a hollowed appearance of their cheeks. For this reason, it is important to understand that buccal fat pad removal is not a substitute for malar augmentation.[6]Technique or TreatmentTo access and remove the buccal fat pad for facial aesthetics, the safest method is via intraoral access. The key structure to identify before creating an incision is the Stenson duct, the opening of the parotid gland into the oral cavity. The incision may be created superior to the duct in the maxillary vestibule or inferior to the parotid duct at approximately the level of occlusion. This approach provides access to the buccal extension of the posterior buccal fat pad may be accessed either inferior to or superior to Stenson’s duct for aesthetic purposes. The preferred method at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Program at Madigan Army Medical Center is to access the buccal fat pad inferior to Stenson’s duct. A Minnesota Retractor is utilized to retract the cheek, and local anesthesia is first injected into the buccal mucosa; Stenson’s duct is positively identified, and a shallow cm horizontal incision is placed with a 15-blade in the buccal mucosa midway between the occlusal plane and Stenson’s duct. At the time of incision, the opposite hand is utilized extra-orally to apply pressure on the contents of the buccal fat pad to facilitate exposure into the oral cavity. Hemostats are then utilized to bluntly dissect through the buccinator muscle and access the buccal fat pad.[12]The narrow buccal space is accessed, and the yellow fat pad is exposed. 3 to 5 cc of the fat pad is then gently teased out of the buccal space. Hemostats are then used to clamp the fat pad and the level of the mucosa, while a 15 blade or surgical scissors are utilized to excise the fat pad. The mucosa is then reapproximated with two single interrupted absorbable is crucial to not apply excessive traction on the buccal fat pad during removal with excessive pulling and only to resect the portion of fat the protrudes passively into the oral cavity.[13]ComplicationsBuccal fat pad reduction is generally considered a safe and relatively simple procedure. Complications related to bichectomy are rare but are clinically significant when they do occur. The buccal fat pad is closely positioned to multiple vessels, the facial nerve, and the parotid duct. Removal of the BFP can result in damage to these vital structures. Complication rates are between and 18%. Complications may result in parotid duct injury, hematoma, trismus, neuromotor deficits, and case presentation in The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery discussed two cases where complications were encountered after buccal fat pad removal. The first case report describes a patient who presented to the emergency dept five days post-operatively with facial asymmetry. The patient was initially admitted and treated for an infection. However, the patient re-presented with increasing pain and edema requiring further investigation. The patient was found to have an accumulation of saliva in her buccal mucosa from obstruction of the Stenson duct due to iatrogenic damage of the duct. The patient was admitted for an additional seven days. During admission, the patient received conservative therapy and multiple drainages of the right buccal mucosa. The patient re-established good salivary drainage and was discharged home.[14]The second case report describes a patient who presented hours after buccal fat pad removal with severe facial pain and edema. The patient was also found to have significant ecchymosis of the infra and periorbital regions. The patient's clinical presentation was due to active bleeding from the sphenopalatine artery, and compression and attempts to locate and ligate the vessel were unsuccessful. The patient was emergently transported to the operating room, where the interventional radiology team performed angiographic embolization. Severe bleeding due to vessel damage during buccal fat pad removal is a rare complication likely resulting from either a vessel traction injury or deep dissection of the oral of the buccal fat pad and its related vital structures are fundamental to mitigating complications associated with buccal fat pad reduction. Appropriate informed consent is critical as even when demonstrating sound surgical technique; complications can occur due to the intimate association of the buccal fat pad with vital structures.[15]Clinical SignificanceBuccal fat pad removal is not the primary focus of aesthetic surgery, but rather it is a relatively minor procedure used in conjunction with larger procedures. Buccal fat pad removal thins the face and enhances the aesthetics of the upper cheek area. The procedure is commonly performed to reduce the submalar prominence.[5]Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes Clear communication among the team when performing procedures is key for the entire oral and maxillofacial surgery team. The buccal fat pad has long been considered a nuisance in many surgeries as its discovery is not usually intentional. Clear communication with surgical assistants is critical as to not to dislodge the buccal fat pad with overzealous suctioning high into the maxillary vestibule.[16]Review QuestionsFigureBuccal Fat Pad. Contributed by Barron Davis, DMD T, Hadad H, Statkievicz C, Alcantara-Júnior AG, Vieira EH, Souza FÁ, Garcia-Júnior IR. Management of Complications Related to Removal of the Buccal Fat Pad. J Craniofac Surg. 2021 May 01;323e238-e240. [PubMed 32868718] LB, Spin JR, Spin-Neto R, Pereira-Filho VA. Buccal fat pad removal to improve facial aesthetics an established technique? Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2018 Jul 01;234e478-e484. [PMC free article PMC6051676] [PubMed 29924767] S, Tubbs RS, Wartmann CT, Kapos T, Cohen-Gadol AA, Loukas M. A review of the gross anatomy, functions, pathology, and clinical uses of the buccal fat pad. Surg Radiol Anat. 2010 Jun;325427-36. [PubMed 19937328] B, Jackson IT, Halim A, Triplett WW, Ferreira M. Anatomy of the buccal fat pad and its clinical significance. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989 Feb;832257-64. [PubMed 2911625] IT. Buccal fat pad removal. Aesthet Surg J. 2003 Nov-Dec;236484-5. [PubMed 19336124] JM, Wagstrom L, Kawamoto HK, Baker TJ, Wolfe SA. The anatomy and clinical applications of the buccal fat pad. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990 Jan;85129-37. [PubMed 2293733] HM, Yan YP, Qi KM, Wang JQ, Liu ZF. Anatomical structure of the buccal fat pad and its clinical adaptations. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002 Jun;10972509-18; discussion 2519-20. [PubMed 12045584] J, Chun BD, Kim UK, Choi NR, Choi HS, Hwang DS. Versatility of the pedicled buccal fat pad flap for the management of oroantral fistula a retrospective study of 25 cases. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019 Dec;41150. [PMC free article PMC6877680] [PubMed 31824888] B, Eriksson LA. On the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in UV-irradiated DNA why are thymines more reactive? Photochem Photobiol. 2003 Aug;782159-67. [PubMed 12945584] A, El Harti K. Management of oroantral communication using buccal advanced flap. Pan Afr Med J. 2019;3469. [PMC free article PMC6884724] [PubMed 31819785] SA, Tieghi R, Elia G. The Buccal Fat Pad for Closure of Oroantral Communication. J Craniofac Surg. 2016 May;273e327-30. [PubMed 27100645] A. Managing the buccal fat pad. Aesthet Surg J. 2006 May-Jun;263330-6. [PubMed 19338917] B, Tatar S, Boge M, Ozmen S, Yavuzer R. The Excision of the Buccal Fat Pad for Cheek Refinement Volumetric Considerations. Aesthet Surg J. 2019 May 16;396585-592. [PubMed 30084868] MT, Ribeiro NR, Abreu DF. Complications associated with bichectomy surgery a literature review. Minerva Dent Oral Sci. 2021 Aug;704155-160. [PubMed 33138350] B, Camps-Font O, Traboulsi-Garet M, Gay-Escoda C. Buccal fat pad excision for cheek refinement A systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2021 Jul 01;264e474-e481. [PMC free article PMC8254881] [PubMed 34023838] MI, Deshmukh SD, Dhanajkar PS, Keche P, Gaikwad A. Buccal Fat Pad a Forgotten Option of Reconstruction in Oral Cancer. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Oct;71Suppl 1248-252. [PMC free article PMC6848351] [PubMed 31741968]Disclosure Barron Davis declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible Marc Serra declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

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